Process Theology: A Guide for the Perplexed. By Bruce Epperly. This book is a progressive systematic theology, written by a professor at Lancaster Theological Seminary in Pennsylvania. It was challenging because the ideas are abstract, but I am less perplexed by process theology now having read it, so the author must have achieved his aim. Epperly surveys the typical categories in systematic theology: God, Christ, the Trinity, Humanity, Ethics, the Church, and the Afterlife, among others. He treats each in a progressive, process-oriented way, drawing inspiration chiefly from Alfred North Whitehead, whom he quotes liberally, as well as a range of contemporary process theologians.
Two aspects of this book intrigued me. First, he portrays God in a dynamic ‘call and response’ relationship with all creation. Call and response, at least as I have heard the term, is a kind of preaching found in black and Pentecostal churches where the congregation responds verbally and physically to the call they hear in the preaching. Thinking of God as the divine preacher whose call we are to respond to was a good insight. Second, I appreciated the book’s treatment of Jesus’ healings, which Epperly considers genuine. (Although he avoids words like ‘miracle’ since that implies a supernatural intervention foreign to process thought.) Jesus, for Epperly, had a way of interacting with people in need, drawing faith out of them, and in that joint encounter a field of energy emerged that tapped into the healing powers inherent in reality.
Jesus’ healing power was not coercive, but reflected God’s dynamic power embodied in the synergetic interplay of God’s universal aim at wholeness, the faith of those he touched, and the faith of gathered friends and communities.
In this same vein, Epperly believes in the value of intercessory prayer as a way to make communal contact with these mysterious healing energies.
After finishing this book I was left with a question. In process theology, can you still speak of God as the Creator, and the universe as the creation? In its embrace of panentheism, process thought emphasizes the presence of God in all things and the presence of all things in God. So rather than Creator, it appeared to me that the God in process thought is more First Citizen of the Universe — a universe which has always been in one form or other and which is included in God’s own being. In process theology, God is not distinct from the universe in the way the Creator and creation are distinct in classical Christian thought. In line with this, process thought cannot well account for the ‘necessary absence’ of God that a distinction between Creator and creation entails for human experience. It seems possible to me to maintain a classical distinction of Creator and creation while at the same time seeing a dynamic relationship between God and the universe envisioned in process thought, a relationship in which the Creator draws the creation on toward deeper experiences of beauty, wholeness and love.
All in all, to a novice like me this book was a good introduction to process theology, and I assume its ideas will continue to percolate.